Top Attractions in Peru – What to See During Your Trip? A Practical Guide

Peru, officially known as Republic of Peru, is located on the continent of South America. This country covers an area of 1 285 216 km² and is inhabited by approximately 32.97 million people. The capital city is Lima, which serves as the center of political, cultural, and economic life. Peru is located at a latitude of -10° N and a longitude of -76° E. The official language is Aymara, Quechua, Spanish, allowing for a deeper understanding of the culture while visiting. Before traveling, remember that the currency is Peruvian sol (symbol: S/ ), and driving is on the right.
Peru

Peru is a country that attracts travelers from all over the world with its rich history, stunning nature, and extraordinary architecture. It is a place where the past meets the present, and every corner hides fascinating stories. If you dream of a journey that will stay in your memory for a long time, Peru is the perfect destination. In this article, we will explore the top attractions worth visiting during your stay in this magical country.

 

Machu Picchu - the lost city of the Incas

It is impossible to talk about Peru without mentioning Machu Picchu. This is one of the most recognizable places in the world, attracting millions of tourists every year. Located high in the Andes, Machu Picchu is an ancient Inca city that still amazes with its architecture and mystery. Walking through its stone streets, one can feel like an explorer who has just stumbled upon a lost city.

Machu Picchu was introduced to the world in 1911 by American historian Hiram Bingham. Since then, it has become a symbol of the power and genius of the Inca civilization. Interestingly, its original purpose remains unknown to this day. Some believe it was a religious sanctuary, while others think it served as a summer residence for the ruler. One thing is certain - Machu Picchu is a place that must be seen in person.

A trip to Machu Picchu is not just about exploring ruins but also an incredible adventure. You can reach it in several ways - the most popular being the four-day Inca Trail trek, which takes you through the picturesque landscapes of the Andes. For those who prefer less strenuous options, trains from Cusco to Aguas Calientes are available, from where buses take visitors to Machu Picchu itself.

 

Cusco - the heart of the Inca Empire

Cusco, once the capital of the Inca Empire, is a city that amazes with its architecture and culture. Located at an altitude of over 3,400 meters above sea level, it is an excellent starting point for exploring the region. Walking through its cobbled streets, you can admire colonial buildings erected on the foundations of Inca temples.

One of Cusco’s most important landmarks is the Cathedral, which dominates the city’s main square, Plaza de Armas. Built in the 16th century, the cathedral is an excellent example of colonial architecture, and its interior houses many valuable works of art. It’s also worth visiting Qorikancha, the former Temple of the Sun, which was the most important place of worship in the Inca Empire. Although much of the building was destroyed by the Spanish, its impressive walls remain.

Cusco is also a city full of life and color. Be sure to visit a local market where you can taste traditional dishes and buy handicrafts made by local artisans. It’s a great opportunity to feel the true spirit of Peru and meet its people.

 

Lima - a city of contrasts

Lima, the capital of Peru, is a city that combines modernity and tradition. Located on the shores of the Pacific Ocean, Lima is the largest city in the country and an important cultural and economic hub. Here, you can find both modern skyscrapers and historic colonial buildings.

One of Lima’s most important landmarks is the San Francisco Monastery, famous for its beautiful catacombs and richly decorated interiors. Also worth visiting is Plaza Mayor, the city’s main square, surrounded by impressive buildings such as the Presidential Palace and the Cathedral. Walking through Lima’s historic center, you can feel the atmosphere of bygone times and admire architecture that has endured for centuries.

Lima is also a paradise for food lovers. The city is renowned for its exquisite cuisine, which blends traditional Peruvian flavors with Spanish, African, and Asian influences. Be sure to try dishes like ceviche, lomo saltado, or ají de gallina. Don’t forget about pisco sour, Peru’s national drink, which is a perfect refreshment on hot days.

 

Lake Titicaca - the mystical waters of the Andes

Lake Titicaca, located on the border of Peru and Bolivia, is the world’s highest navigable lake. Situated at an altitude of over 3,800 meters above sea level, it is considered a place of special spiritual significance. According to legend, it was from the waters of Titicaca that the first Incas emerged to establish their empire.

During a visit to the lake, be sure to explore the floating Uros islands, inhabited by indigenous people. These islands are made of totora reeds, and their residents live in harmony with nature, preserving their traditions and customs. It’s a unique experience that offers insight into the lives of people who have inhabited these lands for centuries.

Lake Titicaca is also an excellent spot for active tourism. You can go trekking in the surrounding hills, enjoy picturesque landscapes, and meet local residents. For history and culture enthusiasts, a visit to Taquile Island is a must. The island is famous for its unique weaving traditions and stunning views of the lake.

 

Arequipa - the White City

Arequipa, known as the “White City,” is one of the most beautiful cities in Peru. Nestled at the foot of the Misti volcano, Arequipa enchants with its architecture and ambiance. The city owes its name to white buildings made of sillar, a volcanic stone that gives it a unique character.

One of Arequipa’s most important landmarks is the Santa Catalina Monastery, a true city within a city. Founded in the 16th century, the monastery covers an area of over 20,000 square meters and consists of numerous courtyards, chapels, and monastic cells. Walking through its colorful streets feels like stepping into another world.

Arequipa is also an excellent base for exploring the Colca Canyon, one of the world’s deepest canyons. It’s a place where you can marvel at majestic condors soaring over the chasms and discover traditional villages inhabited by indigenous people. Colca Canyon is a true paradise for nature lovers and active travelers.

 

Other must-see attractions include:

  • Paracas National Reserve: a nature reserve where you can observe penguins, seals, and other marine creatures.
  • Iquitos - the Gateway to the Amazon: a jungle city that serves as a base for expeditions into the Amazon.
  • Trujillo - the City of Eternal Spring: a city with pre-Columbian ruins, including the Chan Chan complex.
  • Puno - the Folkloric Capital of Peru: a city on the shores of Lake Titicaca, known for its colorful festivals and folk traditions.

 

Conclusion

Peru is a country full of contrasts and surprises, offering countless attractions for every traveler. From the mysterious ruins of Machu Picchu, through the colonial streets of Cusco, to the mystical waters of Lake Titicaca - there’s something for everyone. Whether you are a history, nature, or culture enthusiast, Peru will undoubtedly captivate you. So pack your backpack, put on comfortable shoes, and embark on the adventure of a lifetime!

Questions and answers

How long should I stay in Peru?

The minimum time is 2 weeks, but the longer, the better.

What is the best time of year to travel to Peru?

The best time is the dry season (May to October). During this period, there is the least rainfall and the most sunny days. The period from June to August is especially recommended when the weather is most stable. However, remember that this is also the peak tourist season.

What is the budget for a trip to Peru?

Compared to Europe, Peru is a relatively cheap country. A decent hostel costs 30-50 PEN, a meal at a local restaurant 15-25 PEN, and a bus ticket between cities 50-150 PEN. The biggest expense is usually the entrance to Machu Picchu (about $150 with a guide).

Do I need vaccinations before traveling to Peru?

Vaccination against yellow fever and tetanus is recommended.

Is Peru safe?

Peru is generally safe, but just like in any other country, it’s worth being cautious.

Do I need a visa to travel to Peru?

Polish citizens do not need a visa for a tourist stay of up to 90 days. A valid passport (minimum 6 months from the date of entry) is sufficient. Upon entry, you will receive a stamp with the allowed length of stay.

How high are travel costs in Peru?

Peru is generally safe for tourists, but like in any country, you should take basic precautions. Avoid walking alone at night, keep an eye on your belongings in crowded places, and use licensed taxis. Be especially cautious in Lima and Cusco.

Do I need vaccinations before traveling to Peru?

Officially, only yellow fever vaccination is required if you plan to travel to the Amazon jungle. However, vaccinations for hepatitis A and B, typhoid fever, and tetanus are recommended. Consult a travel medicine doctor about 6-8 weeks before your trip.

How to deal with altitude sickness?

Altitude sickness (soroche) is a common issue in Peru. The best method is gradual acclimatization. Start in lower-lying areas and slowly move higher. Drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol and heavy meals. Locals recommend coca leaf tea.

How to book tickets to Machu Picchu?

It’s best to buy tickets in advance through the official website of the Peruvian Ministry of Culture or through a licensed travel agency. During peak season (June-August), tickets can sell out even a month in advance.

Is it worth visiting Lake Titicaca?

Definitely yes! It’s the highest navigable lake in the world and an important place in Inca culture. Be sure to visit the floating Uros islands and Taquile Island. Plan at least 2 days to explore this region.

How to get to Colca Canyon?

The easiest way is to get there from Arequipa. You can book an organized tour (1-2 days) or travel independently by bus to Chivay. Remember that the canyon is at a high altitude (over 3,000 m above sea level), so you’ll need acclimatization.

What transport should I choose between cities?

The most convenient are domestic flights (saving time), but they are the most expensive. Long-distance buses are comfortable and much cheaper – choose reputable companies like Cruz del Sur or Oltursa. For shorter routes, colectivos (minibuses) are popular.

Is it worth renting a car in Peru?

Renting a car is not popular among tourists due to road conditions, the local driving style, and long distances. It’s better to use public transport or organized tours.

Is it hard to communicate without knowing Spanish?

In major tourist areas, you’ll find people speaking English, but outside of them, knowledge of the language is limited. It’s worth learning some basic Spanish phrases.

Can I drink tap water?

Drinking tap water is not recommended. Buy bottled water or use water purification tablets. In restaurants, always ask for bottled water (agua sin gas – still, agua con gas – sparkling).

What traditional dishes are worth trying?

Be sure to try: Ceviche (raw fish marinated in lime juice), Lomo saltado (stir-fried beef with vegetables), Anticuchos (beef heart skewers), Cuy (roasted guinea pig – a local delicacy), Pisco sour (traditional alcoholic drink).

How should I dress when visiting sacred sites?

In churches and temples, modest clothing is required – covered shoulders and knees. In mountain regions, it’s worth having warm clothes, as temperatures drop significantly in the evening.

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