United States Capitol in Washington (USA) - meeting place of the U.S. Congress

The United States Capitol is not only a place where representatives of the government and the Senate meet, but also a symbol of American democracy. Its monumental structure, rich history and unique architectural features make it one of the most important buildings in the country.

History of the construction and reconstruction of the Capitol

Construction of the Capitol began on September 18, 1793, when President George Washington laid the cornerstone in the southeast corner of the building during Masonic ceremonies. From that point on, for almost twenty years, the Capitol was under constant construction and reconstruction, until it was completed in 1824 by architect Charles Bulfinch. However, the first building was very susceptible to fires and required constant reconstruction.

During the War of 1814, British troops set fire to the Capitol, causing significant damage. Fortunately, a rain storm prevented the building from being completely destroyed. Reconstruction began in 1815, and the work included redesigning the Senate wings and newly constructed parts of the building. In 1826, the construction of the central part with the front stairs, columned portico and internal Rotunda, which rose above the first, low dome of the Capitol, was completed.

Architecture and structure of the Capitol

The Capitol, designed by Dr. William Thornton, is a majestic building whose current dome was designed by Thomas U. Walter. In total, as many as eleven architects contributed to the creation of this impressive building. The Capitol covers an area of ​​16,275 square meters (1.6 hectares) and its floor area is 67,000 square meters (6.7 hectares). The building is 229 meters long (from north to south) and 107 meters wide.

One of the most characteristic elements of the Capitol is its dome. The first dome was too susceptible to fire, so in 1855, architect Thomas U. Walter was tasked with replacing it with a new, larger and fire-resistant structure. Walter designed a double dome - a smaller dome inside a larger one - which creates the illusion of height. The larger dome, although it appears to be made of stone, is actually made of cast iron and supported by 36 steel ribs. Below it is a smaller dome with an opening roof.

At the top of the dome there is a bronze Statue of Liberty, which is almost 6 meters high and weighs about 6,800 kilograms. The total height of the Capitol, measured to the top of the statue, is 88 meters.

Interior of the Capitol

The Capitol is not only an impressive façade, but also a rich interior. The building includes approximately 540 rooms, 850 doors and 658 windows, 108 of which are located in the dome itself. On the ground floor there is an area known as the Vault, which was supposed to be the burial place of George Washington. However, according to the provisions of his last will, Washington was buried at Mount Vernon. Currently, the Crypt houses exhibits about the history of the Capitol.

Underground tunnels and private subways connect the main Capitol building with congressional office buildings in the surrounding complex. This provides convenient access and security for members of Congress and staff.

The importance of the Capitol in US history

The Capitol is not just a building; it is a symbol of democracy and freedom that has played a key role in the history of the United States. This is where the most important political decisions take place, where the greatest leaders spoke, and where some of the most groundbreaking events in the history of the country took place.

Since its construction, the Capitol has witnessed many important moments in US history. It was here that President Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous speech abolishing slavery, and Martin Luther King Jr. he dreamed of equality for all people. The Capitol building hosts presidential inaugurations, significant debates, and the passage of laws that shape the future of the country.

Interesting facts about the Capitol

The Capitol hides many interesting facts and curiosities that make it even more fascinating. For example, 8 909 200 pounds of steel were used to build the Capitol. The building is equipped with 850 doors that lead to various rooms and offices, as well as 658 windows that offer views of the surrounding areas.

One of the most impressive aspects of the Capitol is its system of underground tunnels and private subways. These hidden passageways connect the main building to congressional office buildings, allowing convenient and safe movement of members of Congress and staff.

Inside the Capitol there is also an impressive Rotunda, which is one of the most important places in the building. This is where you can find numerous works of art, monuments and murals that depict key moments in US history. The Rotunda is also a place where deceased presidents and other notable Americans are placed on public display during funeral ceremonies.

Capitol today

Currently, the Capitol serves not only as the seat of Congress, but is also a place visited by thousands of tourists every year. Tourists can tour the interior of the building, admire its architecture and learn more about US history. The Capitol is also the site of numerous celebrations and events, such as presidential inaugurations, political speeches, and national observances.

A visit to the Capitol is an unforgettable experience that allows you to feel the spirit of American democracy and understand what an important role this building plays in the history and present of the United States.

Summary

The United States Capitol is not only a monumental building, but above all a symbol of American democracy and freedom. Its rich history, unique architecture and significance in U.S. history make it one of the most important buildings in the country. Since George Washington laid the cornerstone, the Capitol has undergone many changes and reconstructions, but it remains the heart of American politics to this day. A visit to the Capitol is not only an opportunity to admire its beauty, but also to explore the history and values ​​that shape the United States.